January 23, 2026

Published on: 23rd January 2026 Authored by: Sumayyah A. Abdulhameed Introduction The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (“BNS”) of 2023 represents a sweeping reform of India’s criminal law architecture. Replacing the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC), the BNS is designed to reflect modern realities, particularly the rise of cyber-dependent crime and the need for technologically empowered policing.2 […]