Hate Speech vs. Free Speech: A Constitutional and Legal Balancing Act

Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: Ishika Aggarwal Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies Abstract Freedom of speech is often called the backbone of a democracy1 — but what happens when that very freedom starts being used to divide rather than to express? In recent years, India has seen a surge in hate speech […]

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Hate Speech vs. Free Speech: A Constitutional and Legal Balancing Act in India

Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: Saksham Rai Law Centre 2, Delhi University 1. Introduction The interplay between hate speech and free speech presents a fundamental challenge in constitutional democracies, particularly in plural societies such as India. The Constitution of India enshrines freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a), but this right is

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HATE SPEECH VS. FREE SPEECH

Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: Ananya Karan Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies, GGSIPU ABSTRACT India’s Constitution provides for freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a) while allowing for “reasonable restrictions” in Article 19(2) in the case of sovereignty, public order, decency, and several other concerns. Hate speech, defined as expressions that

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Samir Agrawal v. Competition Commission of India & Ors.

Published on: 07th October 2025 Authored by: Anisha Raghav G. D. Goenka University Citation: Civil Appeal No. 3100 of 2020, Supreme Court of India, decided on 15 December 2020. Court: Supreme Court of India Bench: Justice R.F. Nariman, Justice K.M. Joseph Date of Judgment: 15 December 2020 Relevant Provisions Section 19(1)(a), Competition Act, 2002 (information

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REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS IN INDIA: Legal developments post the 2023 Amendment

Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: V S Sakthi Chennai Dr Ambedkar Government Law College Pudupakkam INTRODUCTION Reproductive rights in India have historically been shaped by a delicate interplay between medical ethics, statutory frameworks, and constitutional principles. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 (MTP Act), though progressive for its time, was primarily designed

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