New Criminal Laws

Two Years of the New Criminal Codes: Transitional Jurisprudence and the Unfinished Reform of Section 63 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita

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Published On: 17th August 2026 Authored By: Sanjana Singh KIIT School of Law, KIIT Deemed to be University I. Introduction India replaced three colonial-era statutes, which governed its criminal justice system for well over  a century, on 1 July 2024. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (“BNS”), the Bharatiya Nagarik  Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (“BNSS”), the Bharatiya […]

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Protection Or Persecution ? The Dilemma Of Section 85-86 BNS (498A IPC)

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Published On: 21st July 2026 Authored By: Vijit Raghuvanshi NLUO Abstract The article examines the tension between protecting victims of matrimonial cruelty and preventing misuse of criminal provisions. It focuses on the transition of Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code into Sections 85–86 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the procedural framework that governs

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BAIL JURISPRUDENCE AFTER THE BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA: IS “BAIL NOT JAIL” STILL THE NORM?

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Published On: April 18th 2026 Authored By: Vaidehi Sharma Symbiosis Law School, Noida Abstract India’s criminal justice system is undergoing a transformative shift with the enactment of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023, which replaces the Code of Criminal Procedure and formally codifies bail jurisprudence. This article examines whether the constitutional maxim “bail, not

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India’s New Criminal Codes in Practice: Judicial Interpretation and Early Implementation Challenges

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Published On: April 12th 2026 Authored By: Devanshi Agarwal O.P Jindal Global University Introduction The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) represent the most sweeping reform of India’s criminal justice framework since independence.[1] These three laws replaced the Indian Penal Code, 1860, the Code of

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