Legal Articles

HATE SPEECH VS. FREE SPEECH: A CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL BALANCING ACT

Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: Rakesh Kr Chaurasiya Department of Law, CMP Degree College, Prayagraj ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to find out and understand the difference between free speech and hate speech. Should hate speech be banned? This article contends the debate on this question by analysing the constitutional as […]

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The Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023: Evaluating Its Impact on Police and Procedural Reforms

Published On: October 7th 2025 AUTHORED BY: GANGARAPU CHETHANA SREE VIT-AP UNIVERSITY Abstract The Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, marks a transformative shift in India’s criminal justice system, replacing the colonial Indian Penal Code (IPC) of 1860. Enacted alongside the Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) and Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), effective from July 1, 2024,

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Hate Speech vs. Free Speech: A Constitutional and Legal balancing Act

Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: Pakhi Tandon Christ (Deemed to be University), Pune Lavasa Abstract This paper examines the clash between hate speech restrictions and free speech protections in constitutional democracies, comparatively in India and the United States. Both countries are founded on free speech protections, but the U.S. First Amendment enjoys near-absolute

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Understanding the Blue economy and Ocean governance: Legal Perspectives and Future Challenges

Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: Sarah Kazi Rizvi Law College Abstract: The blue economy is a shift towards using ocean resources for economic growth while ensuring ecological sustainability, and ocean governance provides the legal and institutional framework to regulate this use. This article examines the  connection between these two concepts, outlining key International

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Judicial Accountability in India: Balancing Independence with Transparency

Published on: 07th October 2025 Authored by: Anisha Raghav G. D. Goenka University Abstract Judicial accountability in India is the doctrine that provides that judges and judiciary must be accountable for their decisions and conduct; their actions must be thereby just and worthy of the public’s trust. Whereas judicial independence entails that judges must be

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