Constitution

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M. Nagaraj v. Union of India (2006) 8 SCC 212; AIR 2007 SC 71

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Published on: 10th October 2025 Authored by: Nyasha Kaushik SKJ LAW COLLEGE, MUZAFFARPUR, BIHAR Court : Supreme Court of India Bench Constitution Bench comprising : Y.K. Sabharwal (CJI), C.K. Thakker, S.H. Kapadia, B.N. Srikrishna, and P.K. Balasubramanyan, JJ. Date of Judgment : October 19, 2006 Relevant Statutes/Key Provisions Constitution of India: Articles 14, 15, 16, […]

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Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India

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Published on: 09th October 2025 Authored by: Janvi Court: Supreme Court of IndiaBench: Nine-Judge Constitution BenchDate Decided: August 24, 2017 Introduction Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.), a former judge of the Karnataka High Court, filed a writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution of India challenging the constitutional validity of the Aadhaar scheme. The petition

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Hate Speech vs. Free Speech: A Constitutional and Legal Balancing Act

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Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: Manyata Singh Maharaja Surajmal Institute, GGSIPU Abstract Freedom of speech and expression is one of the most celebrated rights in a democratic polity. Enshrined in Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution of India, it is considered a precondition for the flourishing of democracy, the exchange of ideas, and the

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HATE SPEECH VS. FREE SPEECH: A CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL BALANCING ACT

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Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: Rakesh Kr Chaurasiya Department of Law, CMP Degree College, Prayagraj ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to find out and understand the difference between free speech and hate speech. Should hate speech be banned? This article contends the debate on this question by analysing the constitutional as

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Hate Speech vs. Free Speech: A Constitutional and Legal balancing Act

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Published On: October 7th 2025 Authored By: Pakhi Tandon Christ (Deemed to be University), Pune Lavasa Abstract This paper examines the clash between hate speech restrictions and free speech protections in constitutional democracies, comparatively in India and the United States. Both countries are founded on free speech protections, but the U.S. First Amendment enjoys near-absolute

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