Published On: July 22nd 2026 Authored By: Noorin Jahan IILM University I. Introduction Historically, Indian law treated corporations with considerable leniency in criminal matters. The Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) did not explicitly address corporate liability, leading courts to grapple with doctrinal barriers: corporations could not “suffer” imprisonment, and imputing mens rea to an artificial […]
Published On: December 12th 2025 Authored By: Megha Kumari ICFAI University, Hyderabad Abstract This article aims to investigate corporate responsibility and data protection in India’s fast-digitalizing business environment, emphasizing how business firms cope with legal, governance, and regulatory demands. It analyzes corporate liability for civil, criminal, and vicarious liability matters, emphasizing directors’ roles and the
Published On: Novemeber 3rd 2025 Authored By: Shibrah Aftab Khan University of Kashmir Abstract This article analyzes the profound jurisprudential shift in India’s corporate criminal liability framework, tracing the evolution from the limited Identification Doctrine to a modern, evidence-based model for individual director liability. The analysis demonstrates how landmark Supreme Court judgments, including the 2005
